4 Factors That Drive Silver Demand

1. Industrial fabrication

Expected demand in 2025: 677.4 million ounces

Silver is the best electrical and thermal conductor of all the metals, so it’s no surprise that it’s used in industrial fabrication. Industrial silver demand has seen steady growth in recent years. Coming in at just 491 million ounces in 2016, industrial demand rose to 592.3 million ounces in 2022, 657.1 million ounces in 2023 and a record 680.5 million ounces in 2024.

For 2025, the Silver Institute believes industrial demand will see a slight regression of 0.5 percent to 677.4 million ounces.

Here’s a brief rundown of the main industrial uses driving silver demand:

Electronics — In electronics, industrial silver is used mainly in multi-layer ceramic capacitors, membrane switches, silvered film, electrically heated automobile windshields, conductive adhesives and the preparation of thick-film pastes.

Electronics is expected to remain an important driver for silver going forward, as per the Silver Institute, which expects overall industrial silver consumption to reach 456.6 million ounces in 2025. Photovoltaics form the largest portion of electronic demand, totaling 197.6 million tons in 2024.

Using silver as conductive ink, photovoltaic cells transform sunlight into electricity. These cells are combined to form solar panels. The use of silver in the fabrication of photovoltaic cells, also known as solar cells, is seen as an area of rapid growth in the short to medium term. In fact, SolarPower Europe reported that total installations reached 2.2 terawatts by the end of 2024, and are expected to more than triple to more than 7 terawatts by 2030.

Automotive industry — Every electrical action in a modern car is activated with silver-coated contacts. Basic functions such as starting the engine, opening power windows, adjusting power seats and closing power trunks are all activated using a silver membrane switch. Furthermore, in January 2021, the Silver Institute reported that, depending on the model, battery electric vehicles contain between 25 and 50 grams of silver, while hybrid vehicles use 18 to 34 grams of silver. That’s compared to 15 to 28 grams of silver in a light internal combustion engine vehicle.

The Silver Institute has projected that automotive demand for silver could reach 90 million ounces by 2025. The association states that silver demand from the car industry will be driven by infrastructure investment, broader decarbonization efforts and the expansion of charging stations.

Brazing and soldering — Adding silver to the process of soldering or brazing helps produce smooth, leak-tight and corrosion-resistant joints when combining metal parts. In addition, silver-brazing alloys are used widely in everything from air conditioning and refrigeration to electric power distribution. The Silver Institute predicts demand from this segment to total 52.9 million ounces in 2025.

2. Jewelry

Expected demand in 2025: 196.2 million ounces

Jewelry is often what laypeople think about when they consider silver demand. And for good reason — few materials are better suited for jewelry than silver. Lustrous but resilient, silver responds well to sculpting, requires minimal care and lasts a lifetime.

While silver and gold possess similar working qualities, the white metal enjoys greater reflectivity and can achieve a brilliant polish. A vast amount of silver supply from mine production gets turned into a form of jewelry. The segment grew moderately by 3 percent in 2024, rising to 208.7 million ounces, but the Silver Institute is predicting a significant reversal in 2025, with a 6 percent decline to 196.2 million ounces.

3. Silver bullion, coins and bars

Expected demand in 2025: 204.4 million ounces

Another source of silver demand is for silver as an investment in the form of silver coins, bars and rounds. This category includes the silver used to fabricate the bullion, as well as small bar purchases by retail investors, according to the Silver Institute.

Silver coins have a long history. Minted silver coins were first used in the Eastern Mediterranean region in 550 BCE, and by 269 BCE the Roman Empire had adopted silver as well. Silver was the main circulating currency until the 19th century, when it was phased out of regular coinage.

While silver is not used in many circulating coins today, mints in many countries still create high-purity bullion coins and bars for investors.

Physical silver investment demand reached a record high of 338.3 million ounces in 2022, but declined considerably to 244.3 million ounces in 2023, before falling another 22 percent to 190.9 million ounces in 2024.

However, with rising uncertainty in global financial markets, the institute is predicting 7 percent growth in 2025 to 204.4 million ounces.

Silver exchange-traded products (ETPs) and silver ETFs purchase significant amounts of physical silver. Silver ETPs have experienced high volatility over the last five years, with demand peaking in 2020 with net inflows of 331.1 million ounces of silver, which fell to to 64.9 million ounces in 2021. Following the pandemic, ETPs experienced heavy outflows with investors selling off 117.4 million ounces in 2022 and 37.6 million ounces in 2023.

In 2024, as uncertainty began to seep into global financial markets, investors once again returned to ETPs, pushing demand to 61.6 million ounces of silver flowing into the products.

The Silver Institute expects demand to grow by 14 percent in 2025 to 70 million ounces, attributing these inflows to cuts to the Federal Funds rate, concerns over US debt load, and instability in the Middle East.

4. Silverware

Expected demand in 2025: 46 million ounces

Sterling silver has been the standard for silver holloware and silver flatware since the 14th century. Silver cutlery and other decor lasts for generations as it resists tarnish and is a traditional decoration in homes around the world. Base metal copper is mixed with silver to strengthen it for use as cutlery, bowls and decorative items.

Demand for the metal from the silverware industry reached 73.5 million ounces in 2022 but has declined since then to 54.2 million ounces in 2024. The Silver Institute expects the market to shed another 15 percent in 2025 to 46 million ounces.